Metallurgic coke is used as a fuel and as a reducing agent in smelting iron ore in a blast furnace. Coke from coal is grey, hard and porous, and has a heating value of 29.6 MJ/kg.
冶金焦在高炉炼铁时用作燃料和还原剂。煤制焦炭呈灰色、坚硬、多孔，热值为29.6MJ/Kg。
Byproducts of this conversion of coal to coke include coal tar, ammonia, light oils, and “coal gas”.
煤转化为焦炭的副产品包括煤焦油、氨、轻质油和“煤气”。
Petroleum coke is the solid residue obtained in oil refining, which resembles coke but contains too many impurities to be useful in metallurgical applications.
石油焦是炼油过程中获得的固体残渣，与焦炭类似，但含有太多杂质，无法用于冶金。
Gasification
Coal gasification breaks down the coal into its components, usually by subjecting it to high temperature and pressure, using steam and measured amounts of oxygen.
煤气化通常使用蒸汽和一定量的氧气使煤经受高温高压，将其分解为各种组分。
This leads to the production of syngas, a mixture mainly consisting of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2).
这就产生了合成气，一种主要由一氧化碳（CO）和氢气（H2）组成的混合物。
In the past, coal was converted to make coal gas, which was piped to customers to burn for illumination, heating, and cooking.
过去，煤炭被转化为煤气，然后通过管道输送给客户用来照明、取暖和烹饪。
At present, the safer natural gas is used instead. South Africa still uses gasification of coal for much of its petrochemical needs.
目前，改用更安全的天然气。南非仍然在使用煤炭气化来满足其石化需求。
Gasification is also a possibility for future energy use, as the produced syngas can be cleaned-up relatively easily leading to cleaner burning than burning coal directly.
煤的气化也是未来能源利用的一种可能性，因为生产的合成气可以相对更容易地净化，从而比直接燃烧煤炭更清洁。
The cleanliness of the cleaned-up syngas is comparable to natural gas, enabling to burn it in a more efficient gas turbine rather than in a boiler used to drive a steam turbine.
净化后的合成气的清洁度与天然气相当，使其能够在更高效的燃气轮机中燃烧，而不是在用于驱动蒸汽轮机的锅炉中燃烧。
Lesson2 Part2 https://blog.donothing.cn/index.php/2020/07/02/lesson2-part2/
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